The Government of India, which is officially referred as the the Union Government and in general as the Central Government, adheres to the Constitution of India and happens to be the governing authority of the federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, which collectively form the Republic of India. From its intiation right from the birth of the independent India the inroductiry civil and criminal laws governing the citizens of India have been enshrined in major parliamentary legislation that includes the Indian Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code and others. In addition, according to the provisions of the Constitution of India both the federal (union) and state governments are comprised of executive, legislative and judicial branches, as the perfect specimen of the gospel of Seperation of Powers. As a part of the British legacy the legal system as applicable to the federal and individual state governments is founded on both of the English Common Law and Statutory Law. There has also been the acceptance of the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice on the part of the Union of India but with several reservations.
The Governmental structure is also comprised of a bicameral parliament,consisted of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) or the Upper House and the Lok Sabha (House of the People) or the Lower House. In the periphery of the Parliamentary system of India, the Executive is normally subordinate to the Legislature. On the other hand, the Executive is consisted of the President, Vice-President, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. It is imperative for any Minister in charge of any portfolio to be the member of any of the two House of the Parliament. There are also provisions for a non-member getting the portfolio but he/she has to be an elected member within six months of taking oath. In the spehere of Judiciary there is an existence of a unitary system at both the Federal and State level. There is the existence of the Supreme Court of India, High Courts at the state level and District and Session Courts at the district level.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
